2011高考英语书面表达之过渡及开头句
过渡词
要学会使用过渡词。过渡词犹如“桥梁”和“粘合剂 ”。恰当地使用过渡词可避免结构松散,层次分明,表意不清等弊端,使文章条理清楚,文字连贯流畅。常用的过渡词有:
递进型: also,besides, what’s more, moreover, furthermore, in addition, even, what’s worse, worse still, to make matters//things worse, not only …but also等;
解释型:that is (to say), in other words, or, in fact, in reality, as a matter of fact等;
转折型:however, but, yet, nevertheless, instead, on the contrary,on the other hand 等;
列举型:firstly…secondly…finally, on the one hand, on the other hand, for one thing, for another (thing)等
举例型:for example, for instance, such as, that is, like, take… for example等;
因果型:because (of), since, now that, thanks to, due to; thus, therefore, as a result (consequence),so… that, so that等;
让步型:though, although, in spite of, despite,even though, even if 等;
顺序型:first…next…and then…finally, first…then…after that…finally 等;
并列型:and, both…and, or, either…or, as well as, 等
时间型:afterwards, soon, later, the moment/ immediately/ , hardly…when, no sooner…than, be about to do something when… be on the point of doing something when… 等
总结型:in a/one word, to sum up, in short, on the whole, in conclusion,every coins has two sides
见解型:as for me,in my opinion, personally speaking, as far as I am concerned,I’m sure 等
条件型:if, as long as, so long as, on condition that , unless 等
开头句
论述的展开提出观点:
◆No one would deny that……
◆Now it is widely believed that……
◆When it comes to……, some think……
◆There is a public debate today that …
◆A is a common way of……, but is it a wise one?
◆Recently the problem has been brought into focus that+同位语从句……
◆Different people hold different opinions.
◆Opinions are divided.
◆People have taken/adopted different attitudes towards ……
◆With the rapid improvement in……/growing awareness of……, more and more……
(e.g.With the rapid improvement in building industry, more and more structures are being erected to set the people‘s minds at ease.)
◆ Recently, sth’/the problem of……has been brought to popular attention/ has become the focus of public concern……(e。g。 Recently, the problem of unemployment has been brought to such popular attention that governments worldwide are committed to finding useful solutions.)
◆ In the past few years,there has been a boom/sharp growth/decline in……(e。g。 In the past ten years,there has been a sharp decline in the number of species。)
◆ Nowadays,more/most important/dangerous for our society is……(e。g。 Nowadays, most dangerous for our society is the tendency to take advantage of each other in political circles。)
◆Now there is a growing awareness that+同位语从句…
◆It is time we explore the truth of …
进一步提出观点:
◆…of them hold the opinion that ….(不同观点)
◆…of them are in favor of the idea that…(不同观点)
◆People who are for/against the idea think …(不同观点)
◆However, each coin has two sides. (不同观点)
◆Different from those…., …people think ….(不同观点)
◆On the other hand, … people object that (有些人反对道…).(不同观点)
◆A is but one of the many effects. Another is …
◆Besides, other reasons are…
提出假想例子的方式:
◆Suppose that…
◆Just imagine what would be like if…
◆It is reasonable to expect…
◆It is not surprising that…
举普通例子:
◆For example(instance),…
◆… such as A,B,C and so on (so forth)
◆We can take something for example.
◆A particular example for this is…
引用:
◆One of the greatest early writers said …
◆"Knowledge is power", such is the remark of …
◆As somebody once put it, “…”
◆"……". How often we hear such words like these.
提出原因:
◆There are many reasons for …
◆Why …. ? For one thing,… ; for another thing,…
◆The answer to this problem involves many factors.
◆Most people would agree that…
◆Some people may neglect that in fact …
◆Others suggest that…
◆Part of the explanation is …
进行对比:
◆The advantages for A outweigh the disadvantages of…
◆Although A enjoys a distinct advantage …
◆Indeed , A has more advantages than B when sth is concerned.
◆A maybe … , but it has the disadvantage that…
承上启下:
◆To understand the truth of …, it is also important to see…
◆A study of … will make this point clear
让步:
◆Certainly, B has its own advantages, such as…
◆I do not deny that A has its own merits.
结尾:
◆>From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw the conclusion that …
◆In summary, it is wiser of somebody to do something
◆In short…
注(图表型)
◆According to the information given in the table/graph,we can find that。。。
◆As can be seen from the table/graph/figure,there is an obvious and rapid increase /decrease/decline/favorable (an unfavorable) change in。。。
◆ As we can see from the table/graph/form /figure above, great changes have taken place in。。。over the period of time from。。。(年份)to。。。(年份)
◆ The table/graph shows that there is a(n) declining/increasing trend of 。。。from。。。(年份) to。。。(年份)
◆ Anyone who takes a closer look at the data in the table/graph can be surprised to find that。。。
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