岳阳市第十四中学

篇一:《湖南省岳阳市十四中2016届高三上学期11月月考英语试题》

湖南省岳阳市十四中

2016届高三11月月考英语试题

第一部分 听力（共两节,满分30分）

第一节 （共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

1. What will Dorothy do on the weekend?

A. Go out with her friend. B. Work on her paper.

2. What was the normal price of the T-shirt?

A. $15. B. $30.

3. What has the woman decided to do on Sunday afternoon?

A. To attend a wedding. B. To visit an exhibition.

4. When does the bank close on Saturday?

A. At 1:00 pm. B. At 3:00 pm.

5. Where are the speakers?

A. In a store. B. In a classroom.

第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

6. What do we know about Nora?

A. She prefers a room of her own.

B. She likes to work with other girls.

C. She lives near the city center.

7. What is good about the flat?

A. It has a large sitting room. B. It has good furniture.

听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。

8. Where has Barbara been?

A. Milan. B. Florence.

9. What has Barbara got in her suitcase?

A. Shoes. B. Stones.

听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。

10. Who is making the telephone call?

C. Make some plans. C. $50. C. To meet a friend. C. At 4:00 pm. C. At a hotel. C. It has a big kitchen C. Rome. C. Books.

A. Thomas Brothers. B. Mike Landon.

11. What relation is the woman to Mr. Cooper?

A. His wife. B. His boss.

12. What is the message about?

A. A meeting. B. A visit to France.

听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 C. Jack Cooper. C. His secretary. C. The date for a trip

13. Who could the man speaker most probably be?

A. A person who saw the accident.

B. The driver of the lorry.

C. A police officer.

14. What was Mrs. Franks doing when the accident took place?

A. Walking along Churchill Avenue.

B. Getting ready to cross the road.

C. Standing outside a bank.

15. When did the accident happen?

A. At about 8:00 am. B. At about 9:00 am. C. At about 10:00 am.

16. How did the accident happen?

A. A lorry hit a car.

B. A car ran into a lorry.

C. A bank clerk rushed into the street.

听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。

17. What is the talk mainly about?

A. The history of the hotel.

B. The courses for the term.

C. The plan for the day.

18. Where can the visitors learn about the subjects for new students?

A. In the school hall.

B. In the science labs.

C. In the classrooms.

19. What can students do in the practical areas?

A. Take science courses.

B. Enjoy excellent meals.

C. Attend workshops.

20. When are the visitors expected to ask questions?

A. During the lunch hour.

B. After the welcome speech.

C. Before the tour of the labs.

第二部分 阅读理解（共两节,满分40分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、和D）中，选出最佳选项并在

答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A

If you are a booklover, you may be interested in the following.

1. H is for Hawk, by Helen MacDonald

After the sudden loss of her father, Helen Macdonald decided to

take on the unimaginable: train one of the most cruel predators, the

goshawk (苍鹰). Driven by the sorrow that controlled her soul, she

felt drawn to the fierce bird. It was through training this beast that she

was able to cope with her own mourning (哀伤). This book is for anyone who’s struggled with bad emotions that come with heart-aching, loss.

2. An Ember (余烬) in the Ashes, by Sabaa Tahir

Set in a cruel fantasy world of ancient Rome, An Ember in the

Ashes tells the story of Laia and Elias. After her brother is arrested by

the Empire, Laia has to make the final choice: aid the rebel army, who

promises to rescue her brother if she agrees to become a spy within

the Empire’s military academy, or keep silent (and safe) under the extreme rule of the Empire. Naturally, she chooses to become a spy.

3. Dead Wake: The Last Crossing of the Lusitania, by Erik Larson

For all you history fans out there, Erik Larson tells the story of

the luxury ocean liner (班轮) Lusitania that left New York in May

1915 bound for Liverpool with a record number of children aboard.

While we all know the disastrous fate of this liner — it was sunk by a

German U-2 torpedo (鱼雷) seven days later — Dead Wake explores the international secrets that unfolded on the days leading up to the tragedy.

4. Ghettoside: A True Story of Murder in America, by Jill Leovy

In Ghettoside, Jill Leovy details her decade-long job as a crime

reporter for the Los Angeles Times. In her reporting, she was devoted

to a series of murder cases that happened in the southern districts.

While the book details one particular crime, the murder of a young

18-year-old black man and Detective John Skaggs who was devoted to solving the case. Leovy gives us a picture of black crime in America.

21. Why does Helen Macdonal train the fierce bird?

A. To realize its nature.

B. To lessen her sadness.

C. To honour her father. D. To show her bravery.

22. Laia agrees to work as a spy for the rebel army to __________.

A. fight the Empire’s rule B. liberate the people

C. fight for peace D. save her brother

23. Which book do you choose if you want to enjoy a history story?

A. H Is for Hawk. B. An Ember in the Ashes.

C. Dead Wake. D. Ghettoside.

B

Across the rich world, well-educated people increasingly work longer than the less-skilled. Some 65% of American men aged 62-74 with a professional degree are in the workforce, compared with 32% of men with only a high-school certificate. This gap is part of a deepening divide between the well-educated well-off and the unskilled poor. Rapid technological advance has raised the incomes of the highly skilled while squeezing those of the unskilled. The consequences, for individuals and society, are profound (意义深远的).

The world is facing an astonishing rise in the number of old people. The experience of the 20th century, when greater longevity translated into more years in retirement rather than more years at work, has persuaded many observers that this change will lead to slower economic growth, and create government budget problems. But the idea of a sharp division between the working young and the unemployed old misses a new trend, the growing gap between the skilled and the unskilled folk are working longer. The divide is most extreme in America, where well-educated baby-boomers (二战后生育高峰期出生的美国人) are putting off retirement while many less-skilled younger people have dropped out of the workforce.

Policy is partly responsible. Many European governments have abandoned policies that used to encourage people to retire early. Rising life expectancy (预期寿命), combined with the replacement of generous defined-benefit pension plans with less generous defined- contribution ones, means that even the better-off must work longer to have a comfortable retirement. But the changing nature of work also plays a big role. Pay has risen sharply for the highly educated, and those people continue to get rich rewards into old age because these days the educated elderly are more productive than the previous generation. Technological change may well strengthen that shift: the skills that make up for computers, from management knowhow to creativity, do not necessarily decline with age.

24. What has helped deepen the divide between the well-off and the poor?

A. Longer life expectancies.

B. Profound changes in the workforce.

C. Rapid technological advance.

D. A growing number of the well educated.

25. Which is not the reason for the falling employment rate among younger unskilled people?

A. The changing nature of work requires people with computer skills.

B. Policies which supports people’s early retirement are removed.

C. The educated old work more efficiently than the generation before.

D. Skills are highly valued regardless of age.

26. Which of the following statement is true?

A. The unemployed old has become a common phenomenon in modern society.

B. Observers predict government budget will reduce in the future.

C. Well-educated people tend to work longer.

D. People may enjoy generous defined-benefits in many European computers.

27. What is the passage mainly about?

A. Technological development and the aging population create deep effects.

B. Competition in the job market is more fierce between the old and the young.

C. More and more young people lose their jobs for lack of skills.

D. The aging problem is an issue we should urgently deal with.

C

With the development of modern economy, more and more people choose to go abroad for a holiday. Do you know what to do if you are to travel abroad?

★ Make sure you have a signed, valid passport and visas, if required. Also, before you go, fill in the emergency information page of your passport!

★ Read the Consular Information Sheets for the countries you plan to visit.

★ Familiarize yourself with local laws and customs of the countries to which you are traveling. Remember, the U.S. Constitution does not follow you! While in a foreign country, you are subject to its laws.

★ Make two copies of your passport identification page. This will facilitate (使……容易) replacement if your passport is lost or stolen. Leave one copy at home with friends or relatives. Carry the other with you in a separate place from your passport.

★ Leave a copy of your route with family or friends at home so that you can be contacted in case of an emergency.

★ Prior to (在……之前) your departure, you should register with the nearest embassy or consulate through the State Department’s travel registration website. Registration will make your presence and whereabouts (行踪) known in case it is necessary to contact you in an emergency.

★ In order or avoid violating local laws, deal only with authorized agents when you exchange money or purchase art or antiques (古董).

★ If you get into trouble, contact the nearest embassy.

28. What is the author’s purpose of writing the passage?

A. To tell us the way to travel abroad.

B. To give us some tips about traveling abroad.

篇二:《湖南省岳阳市第十四中学高中语文.念奴娇赤壁怀古教案新人教版必修-精》

《念奴娇﹒赤壁怀古》

【教学目标】

★知识与技能：1、品语言、赏意境，体会词人情感，认识豪放词风。

2、鉴赏本词，学会诗歌鉴赏的一般方法。

★过程与方法：1、理解词人复杂的心情，用文字的视角去解读词中的景物描绘和人物刻画，

2、能够感词人所感，体味艺术美的感染力，

★情感、态度与价值观：体会词人丰富的思想感情和旷达豪放的意境，在词的艺术境界中

提升自己的人格，净化自己的情怀，树立爱国报国的宏大志向。

【教学重点】 品味词作豪放雄浑的气势、苍凉悲壮的情调，体会词人所抒发的壮志难酬的沉重感慨。

【教学难点】品味《念奴娇•赤壁怀古》以豪壮的情调抒写胸中块垒的特点。

【教材分析】《念奴娇·赤壁怀古》是苏轼词作名篇，也是文学史上豪放词的扛鼎之作，地位非常重要。苏轼在人生劫难中登临赤壁矶，奔腾而去的长江水引发了他无限情思，他追忆古人之功成名就，慨叹自己之老来无成，笔墨间尽显苍凉悲壮之气。

【学情分析】学生以前学过苏轼词作，但多为婉约风格，鉴赏这一首豪放词，可带领学生体会苏轼多变的风格，同时也可学会怀古诗歌的鉴赏方法。

【教学方法】 诵读法 比较法 朗读法 讨论法

【教学时数】 一课时

【教学过程】

在中国的文学史上一直有“诗庄词媚”之说，词，这种从它诞生起就被人们称为“诗余”的文学形式，虽然以吟咏风花雪月，缠绵悱恻见长，但这种不高的格调，却大大限制了它的发展，在这个时候，中国文坛的巨匠苏东坡走来了，他以其豪迈之气，为中国词坛注入了新鲜活力，并为词的发展“指出了向上一路”，今天就让我们走进苏轼，走进他的诗词名篇《念奴娇﹒赤壁怀古》。（教师板书）

婉约派。）其代表人物是谁？（苏轼、辛弃疾、柳永、李清照）（学生讨论解决） “我词何如柳七(柳永)？”这个人回答：“柳

郎中词，只合十七八女郎，执红牙板，歌‘杨柳岸晓风残月’。 学士词，须关西大汉，铜琵琶铁绰板，唱‘大江东去’。” 豪放派与婉约派的风格有什么不同呢？

（学生讨论，教师总结归纳）

豪放派——纵横捭阖，气魄宏大，豪放不羁。

婉约派——缠绵悱恻，婉丽多姿，音调谐婉。

苏轼是文学高手，其词作豪放处胸胆开张，婉约处凄切迷离，

正如他在一首诗中所写，欲把西湖比西子，淡妆浓抹总相宜，大手笔正是如此，苏轼总会给我们无限期待） （师生齐背苏轼婉约代表作《江城子 十年生死两茫茫》体会其风格。）

古人云，“登山则情满于山，观海则意溢于海”，又云“山令人古，水令人远”，多情的诗人登山临水，探幽访胜之时，美妙的自然往往能触动诗人的情怀，此时，浩淼的时空，纷纭的历史，便在诗人心中撞击，凝成解不开的情丝，汇成悲壮苍凉之诗篇，这种怀古诗往往能“发思古之幽情”，也最具有动人的力量。

怀古诗最常用的手法是怀古伤今，当苏轼登上赤壁矶，面对着脚下滚滚而逝的长江之水，

他想到了哪些古人，又由这些古人引发了自己的什么身世之感呢？

诵读要求：

1、读准字音

2、读清句读

3、读出感情

一读，读准字音，读清句读。（一名同学读，读后其他学生纠错）

字音：

浪淘（táo）尽 初嫁了（liǎo） 纶（guān）巾 樯橹(qiánglú) 还酹(lèi) ．．．．．．

二读，初知情感，读出语气。（一名同学读，读后其他学生评价）

感情变化： （上阕）雄壮——（下阕）旷达

三读，欣赏名家范读，体会音韵之美。

声音是流动的音符，它的欢快跳跃会在我们心间涌动成动人的歌。感情饱满的诵读，可感受词之音韵之美、和谐之美，我们在以后的诗词赏析中一定要多一些诵读。

（出示黄州图片）

苏轼来到黄州，登临赤壁矶之前，刚刚经历了“乌台诗案”，在诗案中度尽生死之劫，是一个未带枷锁的囚徒，心情之复杂之低落可想而知，而黄州是苏轼走向成熟，实现人生转折的地方，正如余秋雨在《苏东坡突围》中所写：“因此不妨说，苏东坡不仅是黄州自然美的发现者，而且 也是黄州自然美的确定者和构建者。但是，事情的复杂性在于，自然美也可倒过来对人进行确定和构建。苏东坡成全了黄州，黄州也成全了苏东坡，这实在是一种相辅相成的有趣关系。苏东坡写于黄州的那些杰作，既宣告着黄州进入了一个新的美学等级，也宣告着苏东坡进入了一个新的人生阶段，两方面一起提升，谁也离不开谁。”

可是，苏东坡走过的地方很多，其中不少地方远比黄州美丽，为什么一个僻远的黄州还能给他如此巨大的惊喜和震动呢？他为什么能把如此深厚的历史意味和人生意味投注给黄州呢？黄州为什么能够成为他一生中最重要的人生驿站呢？我们将从词作中寻找答案。

教师总结）

明确： 豪放之景 旷达之情

这些景物有什么特点呢？由这些景作者想到了什么？

明确：

大江 浪 故垒 乱石 惊涛——雄浑

开阔 波澜壮阔 充满力量——千古风流人物 一时多少豪杰

（出示赤壁矶图片）在这幅图片中，我们看到赤壁矶之山之水，

还是充满了和缓之美，作者眼中之景实是心中之景，乌台诗案的惊心动魄，历史风云的错综复杂，无不在作者眼前一一展现，心中有丘壑，自然眼中之景波澜壮阔。

“大江东去，浪淘尽，千古风流人物”这句词写的江水有什么特点？此句在文中有什么作用？

明确：

水与月，是古人在诗歌中经常吟咏的物象，水以其缠绵多情而被人寄托无限情思。 师生共同回顾记忆中的咏水美句。

“抽刀断水水更流，举杯销愁愁更愁”

“问君能有几多愁，恰似一江春水向东流”

“君不见黄河之水天上来，奔流到海不复回”

“子在川上曰：逝者如斯夫，不舍昼夜”

“山是眉峰聚，眼是水波横”

“花自飘零水自流，一种相思，两处闲愁”

这些诗句中所写之水与这一句所写之水有着不同之处，正是这一异，才使眼前的长江之水有了”前无古人，后无来者”的力量。

区别是：作者眼前之水，是融入了人事之水，所以，眼前这条滚滚而去的长江就不再是仅仅一天有形的长河，它幻化为波涛浩淼的历史的长河，无数的不可一世英雄人物在波涛中一一展现，又湮灭在历史的烟云中 。“浪淘尽千古风流人物”的“浪”淘尽的是千古风流人物，而不是砂砾，可见，这里的“浪”不只是长江中卷起千堆雪的浪，也是淘尽千古风流人物的历史长河中的巨浪。作者面对江水不禁心潮起伏激荡，怀想往昔无数的风流人物都如滚滚长江水一去不复返。这样一来，一下子就将眼前之景与历史的风流人物联系在一块儿了，形象地表现了历史的沧桑变迁。为下阕英雄出场作铺垫。

“乱石穿空，惊涛拍岸，卷起千堆雪”，这一句你觉得哪些词用得好，为什么？（学生分组讨论，小组交流）

明确：陡峭的山崖散乱地高插云霄，汹涌的骇浪猛烈地搏击着江岸，滔滔的江水卷起千万堆澎湃的雪浪，实写赤壁之险峻雄奇，动心骇目。巨涛拍岸，怒涛汹涌，浪花千叠，如雪堆积不断。

“穿”——夸张手法，写出陡峭山崖直插云霄的气势。

“拍”——夸张手法，写出江水与岸拍击的力度；

“卷”——写出波涛的巨大力量；

“雪”——比喻手法，水色纯白如雪。寥寥数笔便勾画出一幅雄奇壮丽的雪浪图。令人想到当年赤壁鏖战的壮阔场面，为下片追怀英雄渲染气氛。

这些精妙的词汇，有动有静、有声有色，作者抓住悬崖、陡壁、怒涛、波浪这些可视性极强、变化宏大的形象，大刀阔斧，横画纵抹，描绘了一幅奇险雄伟的画面，格调高昂。这种格调正与赤壁作为古战场的地理位置遥相呼应，在作者的描绘中，我们似乎又回到了三国古战场，看到了刀光剑影与鼓角争鸣，为下阕周瑜的出场做好铺垫。

明确：

承上启下。

承上：“江山如画”是对眼前之景的概括，如画江山，非多情之人，眼中岂有如此之江山。 启下：“一时多少豪杰”“江山如此多娇，引无数英雄竞折腰”，如画的江山，正是英雄建功

立业，驰骋征伐之处。

美景如画——英雄如烟

上阕写赤壁雄奇壮丽之景，引起对古代英雄的缅怀，为英雄人物出场作铺垫，江山之胜与怀古之情融为一体。

1、美景需要我们发现的眼睛。

2、写作需要我们放飞“想象”这双隐形的翅膀。

长板陂上，俊吕布方天画戟无人能敌，诸葛亮运筹帷幄世所难当。在诸多英雄中，作者却选择了周瑜作为咏诵的对象，为什么？（学生分组讨论，交流）

明确：

1、《三国志》中记载，赤壁之战主战方为东吴，主战将为周瑜，赤壁之战成就周瑜毕生功业。

2、“抑曹扬刘”之《三国演义》此时还未成书。

词中上片重写景，下片 “遥想”一词接应上文，心往神驰，八百七十四年前的周瑜就在作者描写的赤壁雄奇壮丽景色中出现了。阅读下阕前六句，讨论苏轼刻画了周瑜什么样的形象？

明确： “雄姿英发”——英姿勃发

“羽扇纶巾”——从容闲雅，一派儒将风度。

“谈笑间，樯橹灰飞烟灭”——从容淡定

赤壁之战是中国历史上极为惨烈的一次战役，其刀光剑影，血雨腥风世所罕见，《三国》中对赤壁的描写，从其准备到战争结束用了大量篇幅，可以说赤壁之战是《三国》的精魂所在，战争结束了，这段历史便在血光中走向了没落，然而如此惊心动魄的一段历史，却在东坡先生笔下写成了周瑜的“谈笑之间”，我们既要佩服周瑜的英雄盖世，又要赞叹东坡先生的惜墨如金了。

“战争让女人走开”，可是苏东坡在描写这场战争时却偏偏插入了“小乔初嫁了”这一细节，有什么作用？

明确：据史书记载，建安三年东吴孙策亲自迎请二十四岁的周瑜,授予他“建威中郎将"的职衔,并同他一齐攻取皖城。周瑜娶小乔，正在皖城战役胜利之后。

1、一个“初”字突出表现周瑜少年得志、年轻有为。

2、以美人衬英雄，更显英雄潇洒的风姿。

完整。一个细微之处，一个女子的入场，便使整首词有了无限情思。

作者穿越幽幽的岁月，对周瑜无限仰慕，周瑜身上到底寄托了作者的什么情感呢？ 周瑜我

年轻有为 早生华发

委以重任 被贬黄州

建功立业 千古留名

壮志难酬 英雄末路

如梦，一尊还酹江月”？(小组交流，展示)

明确：人生如梦，自己一生算得了什么，在千古人物都被淘尽的大江之畔，想到的不应该仅仅是自己，而应该是千古不变的江月，就把这杯酒敬给了千古不变的江月。应该说他能迅速从惆怅失意中解脱出来，表达了苏轼特有的旷达洒脱情怀。这真叫做人生短暂，江月永恒，壮志难酬，豪情长存。英雄人物，丰功伟绩，全都是过眼烟云，稍纵即逝，只有江月是永恒的，在无限的时间和空间中人只是沧海一粟，人生如此短暂，又何苦让种种“闲愁”萦回我心呢？一位襟怀超旷、识度明达的诗人浮现在我们眼前，在他的自解自慰中仍有一腔豪迈之情。

苏轼在另一名篇《赤壁赋》中也把无限的豪情寄托于自然之上，从而获得了心灵的解脱。正如他在此文中所说：“客亦知夫水与月乎？逝者如斯，而未尝往也，盈虚者如彼，而卒莫消长也，盖将自其变者而观之，则天地曾不能以一瞬，自其不变者而观之，则物与我皆无尽也，而又何羡乎？且夫天地之间，物各有主，苟非吾之所有，虽一毫而莫取。惟江上之清风，与山间之明月，耳得之而为声，目遇之而成色，取之无禁，用之不竭，是造物者之无尽藏也，而吾与子之所共适。”水与月是多情的诗人吟咏不尽的话题，全词，以水起，以月结，给人无限遐思。

月是苏轼很喜欢的意象，正如有人所说，“月是苏轼一生之创作，也是苏轼一生之行事”

，古人为什么如此独赏一个月字呢？

1、 月夜静谧，易于思考人生。

2、 月夜如水的美景，令人陶醉。

3、 月下出美人，朦胧、神秘也是一种美。

4、 人生短暂与月之永恒

以《念奴娇·赤壁怀古》一词的鉴赏为例，试总结怀古诗或词的特点：

1、多为登高怀远之作

2、多用借古说今之法

3、风格多为慷慨悲壮

4、多抒壮志难酬之情

了解了这些特点，我们在诗歌鉴赏题中就可运用这些方法，对怀古诗或词进行鉴赏。

【作业】

1、 熟读成诵，领悟作者情感。 2、 领会怀古诗或词的特点，并从这些方面试着鉴赏《永遇乐·京口北固亭怀古》。

板书设计：

念奴娇·赤壁怀古

苏轼

上片 美景：大江 浪 故垒 乱石 惊涛——雄浑 开阔 波澜 ——水（起） 怀古

英雄：千古风流人物 一时多少豪杰

下片 抒怀： 早生华发 人生如梦 ——月（结） 伤今 周瑜我

年轻有为 早生华发

委以重任 被贬黄州

建功立业 千古留名 壮志难酬 英雄末路

篇三:《岳阳市第十四中学2011年高考英语书面表达指导》

岳阳市第十四中学2011年高考英语书面表达指导

编写人：胡章梅

解读考标：书面表达要求考生根据所给提示与要求进行书面表达。考生应能：

（1） 在一定的语境中准确使用英语语法和词汇；

（2） 使用一定词汇和句型，清楚连贯地用英语表达自己的意思；

（3） 根据所读短文进行转述或摘要；

（4） 用英语恰当地表达自己的情感、态度和价值观。

其中对写作的要求为：考生应根据提示用英语写一篇不少于120词的短文。要求语法正确，语意连贯，条理清楚，结构完整，文体恰当。

第一步：写一个完整的简单句。

写文章首先要学会写句子，而句子是由一个个的单词构成的。要学会写句子，就要了解句子中的单词的词类。英语中的10大词类在句子中分别起不同的作用或充当不同的句子成分。

二、词类使用中的10种常见错误

1. 错把形容词当名词

误：Everybody likes beautiful.

正：Everybody likes beauty.

2.错把动词当名词

误：With the develop of science and technology, we live better and better.{岳阳市第十四中学}.

正：With the development of science and technology, we live better and better.

3.错把形容词当动词

误：Don’t afraid. Your mother is beside you.

正：Don’t be afraid. Your mother is beside you.

4.错把介词当连词

误：With time goes on, we have learned more and more.

正：As time goes on, we have learned more and more.

5.错把数词当名词

误：There are about seven hundreds students on the sports ground.

正：There are about seven hundred students on the sports ground.

6.错把副词当连词

误：The girl often helps me, even she is very busy.

正：The girl often helps me, even if she is very busy.

7.错把形容词、介词当动词

误：Mr Zhang very busy today. He not in the office.{岳阳市第十四中学}.

正：Mr Zhang is very busy today. He is not in the office.

8.错把不可数名词当可数名词

误：Don’t plant a tree in such a bad weather.

正：Don’t plant a tree in such bad weather.

9.错把及物动词当不及物动词

误：When Mother came in, I seated in front of the TV set.

正：When Mother came in, I was seated (was sitting)in front of the TV set.

10.错把系动词当助动词

误：Class is begin. Why not stand up?

正：Class begins. Why not stand up?

一词多用，一词多意：

1. The concert lasted three hours and at last we found he was the last singer we liked. 音乐会持续了3个小时，我们最终发现他是我们最不喜欢的歌手。

2. 她每天跑步去上班，因为她开了一家服装店。

练一练：

I. Corret the mistakes in the following two passages:

（1）. Computer is wide used in our every day life. Many people, especially young people have good knowledge of computer. Computer is more and more advance and nobody know what computer will like in one hundred years.

（2）. All my family enjoy sports very much, including my father and I. I’ve been fond of play badminton since I was child. Before entered senior middle school, I had taken part in many badminton match. My father is a basketball fan. In his twenty, he was one of famous basketball players in his university.

II.根据上下文完成短文中的句子，尽可能一句多译：

_____________________________________________1.（现在越来越多的家庭拥有自己的小轿车）It’s very convenient for the people who have their own cars to go to work or to take their children to school. In holidays, all the families can travel to some place or go to visit an exhibition far away by car. _________________________________________2.（他们节省了很多业余时间）The car industry is developing more and more rapidly because people need more and more cars. With the development of car industry,_________________________________3.（中国的经济同样也发展迅猛）

But a lot of problems are coming about. _______________________________4.（城市的交通越来越拥挤）The environment is being polluted more and more seriously. To solve these problems, something must be done.

1. Now more and more families have their own cars.

Now the number of the people who have their own cars is larger and larger.

Now their are more and more people who have their own cars.

2. They save a lot of their spare time.

They needn’t waste a lot of time on the way.

They don’t have to spend a lot of time travelling on the way.

3. … the economy in China is developing rapidly, too.

… the economy in China is developing at high speed, too.

… the economy in China is developing as fast as possible, too.

4. Traffic in cities is getting heavier and heavier.

There are more and more cars, which cause a lot of traffic jams every day.

The reason why traffic is no longer light is that there are more and more cars.

The problem is: more cars, more traffic jams.

If there were not so many cars, traffic would be much lighter.

三、句子中最重要的部分是谓语动词，也就是说，谓语动词是句子中最关键、最核心的部分。在英语写作中，有些同学在使用动词是常出现以下错误：

1.错误使用系动词和行为动词

误：Zhang Hua is often clean our classroom.

正：Zhang Hua often cleans our classroom.

2.错误使用及物动词和不及物动词

误：This pen is very nice to write.

正：This pen is very nice to write with.

3.错误使用系动词

误：She looks very angrily today.

正：She looks very angry today.

误：She looks very angry at us all.

正：She looks very angrily at us all.

4.错误使用情态动词

误：You ought improve your spoken English, oughtn’t you?

正：You ought to improve your spoken English, oughtn’t you?

5.错误使用助动词

误：Tom has bought a pair of sports shoes, but he not bought sportswear.

正：Tom has bought a pair of sports shoes, but he did not buy sportswear.

6.错误使用动词的时态和语态

误：Though he doesn’t pass the exam, he doesn’t discourage.

正：Though he didn’t pass (hasn’t passed)the exam, he isn’t discouraged.

练一练：

I: Corret the mistakes in the following two passages:

1.会议已经开始10多分钟了，但马经理还没有到场。大家都知道，马经理开会是从来不迟到的，莫非他遇到了交通拥堵？我真希望他很快赶来开会。

The meeting begin for over ten minutes, but Manager Ma didn’t come here yet. As you know, he never late for a meeting. May be he caught in a traffic jam. I did expect him to come to the meeting as soon as possible.

2.李明的大多数同学已经成为领导或商人了，但他依然是一个清洁工。他经常说，他所做的事对他人来说非常重要。他没有灰心丧气。相反，他总是精神饱满。我们应该向他学习，尽力做一个对社会有用的建设者。

Most of Li Ming’s classmates become leaders or businessmen, but he is remained a

dustman. He often said what he does also very important to others. He doesn’t discourage. On the contrary, he always in high spirits. We should learn him and try becoming useful builders for our society.

II.根据上下文完成短文中的句子，尽可能一句多译：

_________________________________________________1.近年来拥有手机的人越来越多）.In1995, only one person in a hundred had a mobile phone in some cities, showed as the above diagram.__________________________________________________ 2.（在1997年，10%的人有手机）.The number of the people who had mobile phones was ten times as many as in 1995. In 1999, there were 20 persons in a hundred who had mobile phones._________________________3.（在2001年，一半的人有手机）There are several reasons for the increase of the number of people having mobile phones.__________________________________________4.（首先，手机制造的技术变化很快）Secondly, people’s income has been increasing quickly._______________ ____________________________________5.（第三个原因是，手机在人们的生活中有用途）They can communicate with others conveniently.

1. More and more people have mobile phones in recent years.

There are more and more people who have mobile phones in recent years.

In recent years, there are more and more people having mobile phones.

2. In 1997, 10 persons in a hundred had mobile phones.

In 1997, 10 persons out of a hundred had mobile phones.

In 1997, one tenth of the people had mobile phones.

3. In 2001, a half of the people in a hundred had mobile phones.

In 2001, 50% of the people had mobile phones.

4. First, the technology of making mobile phones is changing rapidly.

First, the technology of making mobile phones is developing fast.

First, the technology of making mobile phones is improving st high speed.

5. Thirdly, mobile phones are useful in people’s life.

Thirdly, mobile phones are made full use of in people’s life.

Thirdly, mobile phones are used as widely as possible in people’s life.

Thirdly, mobile phones are used more and more in people’s life.

The third reason is that mobile phones are made good use of in people’s life.

四、使用非谓语转换简单句

比一比，看一看：

1. Xiaoming is a middle school student. He is a student of Beijing No. 80 High School. He is

good at English and other subjects. He likes basketball and badminton. He often helps me with my English. He is often praised by our teachers. He makes progress every day.

2. Xiaoming is a middle school student. He studies in Beijing No. 80 High School. His

English is very good and he is good at other subjects. His favorite sports are basketball and badminton. He often helps us learn English. The teacher often praised him. He makes progress every day.

3. Xiaoming is a middle school student, who studies in Beijing No. 80 High School. He does

well in English as well as in other subjects. What’s more, he likes basketball and badminton. In his spare time he often does us a favor to learn English, so our teachers often praise him. He makes progress every day.

以上三篇小作文所表达的意思相同，但三篇作文的文采大不一样。第三篇使用了复合句和较高级的词汇，文章的层次最高。

有时候，我们在写作文时，老是用简单句，文章不高级，让人觉得乏味，总是复合句，写作又太费力，因此，恰当使用非谓语动词，不仅句型多样，句子活泼，而且读起来结构紧促，言简意明。

一般表达：